Combination gasoline dispenser and fire fighter



Sept. 4, 1956 J. P. HUBBELL COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER Filed March 28, 1950 5 Sheets-$heet l IVER TH OF lNl/ENTOR J P HUBBELL' ATTORNEY 'Filed March 28, 1950 COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER 5 sheets-sheet 2 //v I/EN TOR J. P. HUBBELL A T TORNEV Sept. 4, 1956 J. P. HUBBELL COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER Filed March 28, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 4

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COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER Filed March 28, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 4 F. HUBBELL,

A TTORNE V Sept. 4, 1956 J; P. HUBBELL COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER 5 Sheecs-Sheet 5 Filed March 28, 1950 FIG.- /6

/NVENTOR By J. F. HUBBELL A 1 5. 4

ATTORNEY United States Patent COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER This invention relates to liquid fuel dispensers and more specifically to gasoline dispensers equipped to extinguish fires.

It is an object of this invention to greatly reduce the danger of fires in and around liquid fuel dispensers.

The dangers of flash-fires and explosions in and around gasoline dispensers or pumps should notbe minimized. Almost all present-day devices of this character are driven by electric motors and there is accordingly the ever present danger that electric sparks therefrom will start a fire or explosion. Moreover, a carelessly tossed cigarette or match can easily start a fire in or around a gasoline pump. Once started, such oil or gasoline conflagrations are difiicult to control, more especially if an attendant provided with a chemical fire extinguisher is not right on the spot. The present invention, in one of its more important aspects, attacks this problem in a two-fold manner: (1) by making such fires more difficult to start since no electricity is used for operating purposes and (2) by providing as part of its mechanism very efficient fire-fighting apparatus.

Another object of this invention is to provide a gaseous pressure operated gasoline dispenser equipped to dispense Dry Ice snow for fire fighting.

Still another object is to provide a gasoline dispenser which utilizes carbon dioxide both for operating the dispensing apparatus and for fire fighting or utilizes compressed air for operating purposes and carbon dioxide for fire fighting.

A further object is to provide a gasoline dispenser which can be operated either by a coin (or coins) or without a coin and either by an attendant or by the purchaser of gasoline.

A still further object is to provide a single nozzle for dispensing either gasoline or Dry Ice snow.

Many other objects and features, some of them more or less closely related to those given above, will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying claims.

These objects and features are realized in accordance with the invention by providing as an exemplary embodiment thereof a gasoline dispenser and fire extinguisher which I have chosen to call Gas Master and Fire Fighter. For simplicity in the following description, the terms distributer or distributing device are being used to designate the dispenser and extinguisher in combination. The distributer delivers gasoline from a storage tank to a consumer using as its source of power a non-explosive gas under pressure, suitable gases being carbon dioxide or compressed air. It is arranged to deliver to the consumer any desired quantity of gasoline and is operated either manually or under control of one or more coins. Preferably it is adapted to accept quarters and give any desired quantity of gasoline in units having a value of 25 cents each. The same gas used as a driving means (if it is carbon dioxide) can also be utilized to extinguish fires and prevent explosions in the immediate vicinity, the gas emerging from the same nozzle delivering the gasoline in the form of Dry Ice snow. The gasoline dispenser makes use of pressure-lift and gravity-discharge principles. The gasoline, after being lifted from the storage reservoir by the :aseous pressure, is stored in one of two metering tanks inside the distributer, one metering tank being filled as the other is being discharged. Each metering tank is calibrated to accept 25 cents Worth of gasoline based on the predetermined price, the arrangement inherently affording gravimetric metering but being capable of being readily calibrated to volumetric metering also. The gasoline is discharged from the distributer by means of a special nozzle which controls both the flow of the gasoline being dispensed and of Dry Ice snow being used (when necessary) for fire fighting. The carbon dioxide, when used for operating purposes, immunizes the storage reservoir against explosions and fire and also replaces the gasoline taken therefrom.

Three methods of operation are provided as examples in accordance with the invention. In the first method, carbon dioxide is used both as the driving medium and for fire fighting. In the second method, carbon dioxide is used as a means of starting the distributing device and for firefightingbut the device is driven by compressed air; while in the third method, carbon dioxide is used for fire fighting only and compressed air is used to start the device and drive it also. The carbon dioxide may be stored in suitable tanks under pressure or derived from Dry Ice converters.

The invention will be more readily understood by referring to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the distributer (fuel dispenser and fire extinguisher) arrangement in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2. is a front perspective schematic view of the internal mechanism of the distributer arrangement of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective View, with portions broken away, showing the coin controlled mechanism of the arrangement of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a functional schematic representation of distributer arrangement of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows a portion of the arrangement of Fig. 4 with the valve thereof in a diiferent position from that of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the distributer arrangement of Fig. 1 when carbon dioxide is used both as a driving means and for fire fighting;

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation, similar to Fig. 6, of the arrangement of Fig. 1 when carbon dioxide is used as a means to start the distributer and for fire fighting, the distributer being driven, after starting, by compressed air;

Fig. 8 is a representation, similar to Fig. 6, of the arrangement when carbon dioxide is used for fire fighting only, compressed air being used for starting and driving the distributer;

Fig. 9 is a top view of a preferred nozzle of the distributer arrangement in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through the nozzle of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a cross section of the hose attached to the nozzle of Figs. 9 and 10;

Fig. 12 is a front elevation view, with portions broken away, of the nozzle of Fig. 9 being used to deliver gasoline to a consumers gas tank;

Fig. 13 is a functional schematic view of the carbon dioxide lines in the nozzle;

Fig. 14 is a front elevation view, with portions broken away, of the nozzle of Fig. 9 being used to discharge Dry Ice snow for fire fighting purposes;

Fig. is an enlarged section of the expansion chamber in the nozzle of Fig. 9 for converting gaseous carbon dioxide to Dry Ice snow;

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the gasoline valve in the nozzle of Fig. 9; and

Fig. 17 is a sectional view of the tank and float adjusting mechanism of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, Fig. 1 shows, by way of example for purposes of illustration, a distributer arrangement 20 in accordance with the invention. The arrangement 20, the internal mechanism of which is shown in Fig. 2, comprises a fuel dispenser and a fire extinguisher combined in one device, the device being known as Gas Master and Fire Fighter, as indicated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 1, the base 21 serves as a support for the various mechanisms shown in Fig. 2 and for the outside shell or housing 22 which has two hinged doors 23, front and back. The front door has windows 24 and 25 through which meters indicating number of gallons and total amount of sale, respectively, can be seen and also windows 26 and 27 forviewing octane rating (high or low, for example) and price per gallon or serving, respectively. A coin slot 28 and a coin return box 129 are provided at one side of the front door. A push button 30 is positioned on one side of the shell 22 to reset the meters in any well-known manner. The meters can be of any suitable type. The gasoline (and also Dry Ice snow, as will be described below) are dispensed through the nozzle 31 which is held in place at the side of the dispenser 20 by the nozzle holder 32. Attached to the nozzle is a hose 33, of any suitable strong but flexible construction, leading to the inside of the distributer 20.

Reference will now be made to Fig. 2 which shows, in schematic perspective, the important elements of the internal mechanism of the distributer and to Fig. 4 which is a functional schematic diagram of many of the elements thereof. The distributer 20 comprises, in essence, a pipe 34 from the gasoline storage tank 35 (see Fig. 4) buried underground (or at any other convenient place), a 4-way or other convenient valve mechanism 36, pipes 37, 38 and 39 which with the pipe 34 are connected to the valve mechanism 36, metering tanks 40 and 41 connected respectively to the pipes 37 and 38, counter-meter mechanism 42, coin-controlled apparatus 43 (shown in greater detail in Fig. 3) for controlling the operation of the 4-way valve and the counter-meter mechanism, a fluid-pressure operated piston 44 connected to the high pressure line 45, a cam shaft 46 operated by the piston and carrying cams for operating various valves (to be later described) and also the coin-controlled apparatus 43, a pipe 47 connected between the pipe 39 and the nozzle hose line 33 outside the shell 22, and volume control cylinders 48 and 49 associated respectively with the metering tanks 40 and 41. For fire fighting and operating purposes, the hose line 33 also has fluid pressure lines connected thereto as will be shown below in connection with Figs. 6, 7 and 8. Fluid pressure at a pressure of the order of approximately 6 pounds per square inch, for example, is applied to the distributer 20 by means of the pipe 50 (which is adapted to be connected through a pressure reducer valve 56 to a storage tank of carbon dioxide or compressed air, for example, or to an air compressor or carbon dioxide converter). The pipe 50 is coupled to the pipe 51 which is connected to'the storage tank 35 and thus applies a gaseous pressure to the gasoline in the storage tank 35 to force gasoline up through the pipe 34 and the 4-way valve 36 to one or the other of the metering tanks 40 and 41 as will be explained more fully below. A check valve 58 is placed in the inlet end of the feed line 34 to keep a solid line of gasoline in this line. The low pressure within the gasoline storage tank through line 51 can be vented by means of the pipe 52 when the valve 53 is operated for this purpose. Another vent is provided by means of the pipe 54 when the pressure relief valve 55 operates when the pressure exceeds a predetermined amount. A meter 57 is connected to the line 51 for reading the pressure. Valve 59 is placed in the feed line 34 as a safeguard against run-away pressure within the gasoline tank which might drive gasoline out of the distributer 20 at the Wrong time. A pressure relief valve 60 is also connected in the line 61 between pipes 34 and 51 to bleed excess pressure which might develop in line 34.

At this point in the description, it seems advisable to refer to Figs. 6, 7 and 8 which illustrate three different methods of operation for the distributer 20, the specific method used being dependent on whether carbon dioxide is used for one or more purposes.

Fig. 6 illustrates an arrangement in which carbon dioxide is used both as a driving means and for fire fighting (in which the carbon'dioxide is converted into Dry Ice snow). Should a fire start within the range of the nozzle 31, it is only necessary to unlock the nozzle 31 from the holder 32 by any suitable means (such as by putting a quarter in the coin slot 28 to release the nozzle locking mechanism 62, of any suitable form, operated by the rod 63 in any well-known manner) and press the fire fighter thumb button 64 on the nozzle. (The nozzle locking mechanism is located within the holder 32.) Pressing the button 64 causes a shower of Dry Ice snow 65 (see Fig. 14) to leave the nozzle spout 66. The Dry Ice snow is formed by carbon dioxide from the storage tank or Dry Ice converter 67 which is conducted to the spout 66 through pipe 68 in the hose 33 and pipes 69 and 73 in the nozzle 31 (see Figs. 9, l0 and 13), valve 74 operated by the push button 64, pipe 75 and restricting orifice 76 (see Fig. 15). The sudden emergence of high pressure carbon dioxide from the small orifice 76 to the much greater space in the gasoline discharge passage 77 causes the formation of a shower of Dry Ice crystals which can be directed by moving the nozzle. The emergence of the carbon dioxide from the spout 66 to the unconfined space of the outside air causes even more Dry Ice snow crystals to be formed and causes those crystals already formed to be greatly enlarged. Before or after the gasoline has been delivered to the customers tank, this tank can be immunized against fire and explosion by blowing a blast of Dry Ice snow into it.

When gasoline is being dispensed through the nozzle 31 in a gas tank, the valve 74 is closed and the valve 70 is opened (the manner of which will be described later) and carbon dioxide from the tank 67 passes through the pipes 68 and 69, the valve 70, and pipes or tubes 71 and 72 to the speed reducing valve 73 where its pressure is reduced to about 60 pounds per sq. in. on the output side of the valve 73. The carbon dioxide then flows through two paths. The first path comprises a pipe 78 containing a normally open pilot valve 79, a speed reducing valve 80 which further decreases the pressure to the desired dispenser operating pressure, a pipe 45 and the cylinder and piston 44. Air actuation, of course, is identical thereto. Operation of the piston 44 one full stroke by the gas pressure turns the cam shaft 46 by 90 degrees, the shaft 46 being connected to the piston 44 by link 81. Turning of the link 82 opens the valve 83, which is in the second path from the valve 73, this path comprising the line 84, valve 83, line 85 and the piloting section 86 of the valve 79, and cuts ofi the valve 79 by operating the piloting section thereof. (The valve 79 reopens after a predetermined time delay as "will be described below.) Upon the closing of the valve 79, the gas in the cylinder of the member 44 drains off to the atmosphere through the valve 87 and the piston returns to its normal (lower) position. Connected to the line 78 is a line 88 within which is a pressure relief valve 89 and at the end of which is an audible signal indicator 90. When the pressure in the line 78 becomes Also connected to the source 67 of carbon dioxide is the pipe 50 containing the pressure reducing valve 56 for bringing down the pressure to approximately 6 pounds per sq. in. for use in the low pressure line 51 leading to the gasoline storage tank, as explained above in connection with Fig. 4. r

In the method illustrated by Fig. 7, the fire fighting operations are the same as in Fig. 6. The sequence. of operation for gasoline delivery is the same as in Fig. 6 up to the point where the carbon dioxide leaves the speed reducer valve 73. In the arrangement of Fig. 7, the

' output of the valve 73 enters the'timing head or pilot section 91 of a pilot valve 92 which is normally closed. This causes the valve 92 to open and permit compressed air from the source 93 to flow to the valve 79 and perform from that point onthe same functions as did the carbon dioxide in the arrangement of Fig. 6. .In the arrangement of Fig. 7, carbon dioxide is usedfor fire fighting and for starting purposes, the distributor '20- operating, after starting, by compressed air;

In the method illustrated by Fig. 8, the hookup and sequence of operations are the same as thosein Fig. 6 with .a few exceptions. The carbon dioxide from the source 67 is applied to the pipe 68 and it passes from thence into the pipe 69 which (unlike Fig. 6) is connected directly to the valve 74. The compressed air source 93 is connected to the valve 70 through pipe 100 and the valve 70 is connected to the valve 79 by.pipes 71 and 72. The speed reducervalve 73 is not needed in this case as the pressureof the air can be controlled as it leaves the storage tank'93. All other connections are the same as those described in connection with Fig. 6. In -the arrangement of Fig. 8, carbondioxide is used 6 enclosure '120 is a float 127 which rides vertically on three guide rods 128 which are fastened to the top 129 of the chamber 120. A plate 130 is connected to the lower ends of these rods. Weights 131 on chains run-' ning over pulleys serve to counterweight the float 127.

. In the central portion of the float 127 is a collar 132 which has internal threads cooperating with a threaded ber 48 contains an extension of the rod 134. Around the lower portion of this extension is keyed athumb screw 135 for turning the rod 134. The upper portion plane. operates with a carefully calibrated scale 138 reading of this extension is threaded to engage a pointer member 136 which is prevented from moving in a horizontal The pointer end 137 of the member 136 cothe exact gallonage which the chamber will hold before the ,port 121 is closed, this amount being that which is sold for a quarter at the current price. Accurate measurement to the one hundredth part or less of a gallon can be obtained by the arrangement de cribed herein.-

The operation of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 will now be described, reference being made also to other figures as required. Perhaps the best way to de-.

, scribe. the operation of the distributer 20 is to tell what exclusively for fire fighting purposes and the gasoline dispensing is handled exclusively by corn pressed air.

Figs. 9 to 16, inclusive, relate to the nozzle 31 or to parts thereof. The nozzle has a metal housing 102 having a convenient outer shape to fit the hands of the attendant as shown in Fig. 12, one hand grasping the barrel 103 of the housing and the other pushing down on -a raised portion 104 thereof. This housing has a central chamber 105 which is connected to the main passage 106 in the flexible hose 33. The flexible tubes 72 and 68 in the hose 33 are connected, respectively, to the tubes 71 and 69 in the nozzle. The valve 70 in the upper part of the raised portion 104 is opened when the lever 106 is raised which action takes place when the flap 107 of the valve 108 is raised (Fig. 12). Portions of this flap valve 108 are shown in enlarged perspective in Fig.

16. A spring 109 holdsthe flap 107 closed over the gasoline delivery line 77. The flap is opened by rods 110 when the nozzle is pressed downward into the entry port 111 of a gasoline tank 112 receiving fuel from the distributer 20. This movement causes the movable bell member 113 to move with respect to the housing 102 and cause the rods 110 to raise the flap 107 and hence the lip 114 which latter member engages the lever 106. The spring 115 is provided to obtain proper setting of the flap 107. The housing 102 has two transparent ports 116 therein in order that the gasoline flowing in the passage 105 can be seen. The thumb button 64 for operating the valve 73 is located in a raised portion 117 of the housing 102.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of metering chamber 40 and the volume control chamber 48 (members41 and 49 being similar, respectively, to the members 40 and 48). The metering chamber 40 comprises a cylindrical enclosure 120 having an entry and exit port 121 which is closed by a ball 122 suspended fl'OlTlB. chain 123 of adjustable length. The port 121 opens into a lower chamber 124 one end of which is capped by a cap 125 and the other end of which has a passage 126 which is connected to the 4-way valve mechanism 36. Within the takes place, step by step, when a customer serves himself or is served by an attendant placing quarters in the proper slot. Placing one or more quarters in the coin slot 28 'unlocks the nozzle 31, this action being accomplished by the'rod 63 and lock 62. The spout 66 of the nozzle 31 is placed into the opening 111 of the gas tank 112 as shown in Fig. 12. The body of the nozzle is then pressed downward by one hand (the left one in Fig. 12). At this time, thedistributer 20 starts to work and by way of example the sequence of Fig. 6 will be described. The carbon dioxidefrom the tank 67 goes through the valve 70 and then has its pressure reduced by valve 73 and passes through the pilot valve 79 which is normally open. After this, it passes through another speed control valve 80 (the purpose of which is to control the speed of the piston in the member 44) into the piston 44. As the piston drives the arm 140 of the coin-controlled apparatus 43 through 90 degrees by means of linkage 81, cam shaft 46 and linkages 141 and 142, it also opens valve 59 (Fig. 4) to supply more gasoline to the metering chambers 40 or 41. A third operation of the cam shaft 46 is that of opening valve 83 in Fig. 6. This valve opens the way for carbon dioxide to pass through the line to the pilot valve timing section 86 thus cutting off the supply of carbon dioxide that was driving the piston 44. The pilot valve 86 is a timing device and allows the piston 44 time to return to its normal position before another quarter sets the device into motion again. It is while this pause takes place that valve 59 is opened and the empty metering chamber 40 or 41 is charged. The rotation of the cam shaft 46 by degrees changes the position of the 4-way valve 36 from that shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 5. To return to Figs. 2 and 3, when the arm is rotated 90 degrees, the coin which is in place on top of the lever 143 is caught under lip 144 and it forces the lever down against the pin 145 which in turn pushes the lock 146 out of the slot in the four-slotted Wheel 147. The arm is then free to complete its 90 degree rotation. When it has, the coin leaves the slot 148 and falls down a chute 149 intov a cash receptacle. The arm 140 then returns to its normal position at the same time and speed that the piston does. When the arm is back in its original position, the 4-s'1otted wheel 147 is locked up and another quarter falls into place. At the time that the arm 140 makes its 90 degree rotation it moves the wheel 147 and the shaft 150 the same number of degrees. This shaft 15.0 operates the meters 42 through a set of miter gears 151 and 152 and also rotates the plug of the 4-way valve 36 to switch the charge and discharge cycles of the chambers 40 and 41.

Should a customer change his mind after putting in a number of quarters and desires the money returned to him, he need only hang up the nozzle 31 and press the button 153 in Fig. 3. This button sends a scoop into the coin chute and provides a passage for the coin or coins to fall into the return coin box 129.

An attendant can operate the device by inserting a key 154 in a lock which when turned will unlock the slotted wheel 147 in a similar manner that a quarter does. A suitable idia'l mechanism can be used to predetermine the amount of gasoline delivered under manual control in the same manner that the metering equipment provides 7 f it under coin operation.

When a customer has exhausted the supply of coins he placed in the coin slot 28 (that is, when he has received his moneys Worth in gasoline), the device is locked and will not operate. If the nozzle is still being pressed down- Ward, an excess of pressure is developed on the dine to the piston 44. This pressure causes the carbon dioxide or air to blow past the pressure relief valve 89 (Fig. 6) and sound the horn 90. This tells the customer his purchase of gasoline has been delivered. He then hangs up the nozzle 31 in the holder 32 so that it is ready for.

the next sale.

The distributer has many advantages in addition to those already pointed out. It is very fast in operation and can be switched from gasoline dispensing to fire fighting almost instantaneously. Air lock is impossible because the metering chambers are vented to the atmosphere. The fire fighting and many other features of this invention are readily adaptable to currently used gasoline pumps.

Obviously, a number of modifications can be made in the embodiment described above without departing from the scope of the invention indicate-d in the claims. For example, in Fig. 6, in place of valve 73, an open-andshut valve can be substituted which can be manually opened, as by a cable which would replace in function 8 valve 70 in the nozzle 31 and the gaseous pressure lines leading thereto, the lines 68 and 72 being connected together to complete the connection between the source 67 and this new valve. Similar arrangements can be provided for the systems of Figs. 7 and 8. The cable control can be located at the nozzle.

What is claimed is:

1. A combination gasoline dispenser and fire fighter comprising a housing, a hose projecting from said housing, a nozzle on the end of the hose remote from the housing, valve means in said nozzle for controlling the flow of gasoline therethrough, means for applying carbon dioxide to said nozzle, and means in the nozzle for converting said carbon :dioxide to Dry Ice snow and for causing the latter to be dispensed from said nozzle.

2. A combination gasoline dispenser and fire fighter comprising'a housing, a hose projecting from said housing, a mute on the end of the hose remote from the housing, valve means in said nozzle for controlling the flow of gasoline therethrough, means for applying carbon dioxide to said nozzle, means in the nozzle for converting said carbon dioxide to Dry Ice snow and for causing the latter to be dispensed from said nozzle, both said valve means and said means in the nozzle being under the control of the operator at all times.

I References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 103,453 Hamilton May 24, 1870 671,857 Devantery Apr. 9, 1901 1,289,618 Billings Dec. 31, 1918 1,341,189 Meredith May 25, 1920 1,352,820 McKallip Sept. 14, 1920 1,526,001 La Rue Feb. 10, 1925 1,533,309 Durborow Apr. 14, 1925 1,533,587 Durborow Apr. 14, 1925 1,549,500 Patrick Aug. 11, 1925 1,771,993 Brouse Aug. 5, 1930 1,811,007 Grove June 23, 1931 1,903,605 Allen Apr. 11, 1933 1,912,309 Reynolds May 30, 1933 2,022,630 Woodford Nov. 26, 1935 2,434,991 7 Crowley Jan. 27, 1948 2,488,946 Turpin Nov. 22, 1949 

1. A COMBINATION GASOLINE DISPENSER AND FIRE FIGHTER COMPRISING A HOUSING, A HOSE PROJECTING FROM SAID HOUSING, A NOZZLE ON THE END OF THE HOSE REMOTE FROM THE HOUSING, VALVE MEANS IN SAID NOZZLE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF GASOLINE THERETHROUGH, MEANS FOR APPLYING CARBON DIOXIDE TO SAID NOZZLE, AND MEANS IN THE NOZZLE FOR CONVERTING SAID CARBON DIOXIDE TO DRY ICE SNOW AND FOR CAUSING THE LATTER TO BE DISPENSED FROM SAID NOZZLE. 